![]() Smokeless tobacco reference product toxicant profiles were similar to corresponding commercial products, with the exception of the TSNA content of the dry snuff reference material. Different toxicant profiles were observed for the products studied, with snus tobacco brands generally containing relatively low concentrations of BP and tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) compared to other moist snuffs. Chemical endpoints determined included benzopyrene (BP), N′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), N′-nitrosoanatabine (NAT), N′-nitrosoanabasine (NAB), 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), nitrite, cadmium, lead, arsenic, nickel, chromium, chloride, water, pH and nicotine. Reference products available for scientific research purposes and eleven Swedish products were also evaluated and compared to the commercial products studied. Products evaluated included moist snuff, dry snuff, loose leaf, plug, dissolvable and snus tobacco brands. Selected toxicant concentrations and other chemical measures have been determined for 43 U.S.
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